Professional motivation towards a Bachelor's degree in education. Pedagogy-Psychology in pre-university students

Abstract

Introduction: Career guidance toward a Bachelor's degree in Education, specializing in Pedagogy and Psychology, is fundamental for Cuban pre-university students to guarantee inclusive and quality education (SDG 4). However, a lack of information about the professional profile, a negative perception of the profession, and low motivation toward pedagogical careers are observed. Materials and methods: A sequential mixed-methods exploratory study was conducted at the "Cuqui Bosch Zoto" pre-university school (Santiago de Cuba). The sample included 63 students (25% of the population), 5 teachers, and 1 educational psychologist. Theoretical methods (analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive) and empirical methods (observation, survey, interview, document analysis) were applied. Results: Only 3% of the students expressed interest in studying the degree; 100% of the teachers reported limited knowledge of career guidance; the educational psychologist noted a lack of systematicity in their actions. Entry into the program over the past five years showed partial fulfillment (40-70%). A system of 10 structured pedagogical activities was developed to guide students in developing professional life plans, including: sessions on experiential learning, film screenings, role-playing, life plan development, and reflection workshops. Discussion: The results confirm the need for theoretical and methodological preparation for teachers and the integration of career guidance with students' life plans to enhance their subjective understanding and encourage a conscious and motivated choice. Conclusions: Developing professional life plans is a tool to help students establish clear goals aligned with their interests, increasing their motivation toward their chosen career and facilitating informed decision-making. The proposed system of activities promotes the development of professional intentions and the conscious choice of a future profession.