Methodological strategies to promote the development of values

Abstract

Introduction. Values education is fundamental for holistic development and harmonious coexistence in the school environment. Among fourth-grade students at the "Tirso de Molina" Catholic School (Ambato, Ecuador), difficulties were identified in the practice of values such as responsibility, solidarity, and respect, affecting their social interaction. This research proposed designing and implementing an innovative methodological strategy with a participatory approach to strengthen values development in early childhood, based on axiological models (Schwartz, Hartmann, Frondizi) and current pedagogical approaches. Materials and methods. A mixed-methods approach was adopted with a purposive sample of 29 students from section "D". Theoretical methods (document analysis, synthesis) and empirical methods (validated questionnaires, structured observation) were used. The intervention consisted of a methodological strategy structured in six modules (respect, solidarity, responsibility, emotional self-regulation, assertive communication, empathy), implemented through playful, cooperative, and reflective activities. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic categorization. Results. After partial implementation, significant improvements were observed: the willingness to resolve conflicts through dialogue increased from 38% to 79%, the ability to identify and control emotions rose from 27% to 62%, active participation in group dynamics increased from 41% to 85%, and the spontaneous practice of solidarity increased from 34% to 73%. Teachers reported greater empathy, cooperation, and a reduction in minor conflicts. Discussion. The strategy was validated by five experts, obtaining high scores for relevance (4.9/5), applicability (4.8/5), and sustainability (4.7/5). Its theoretical coherence, feasibility in contexts with limited resources, and alignment with the national curriculum were highlighted. Its experiential and modular nature proved to be an effective and transformative pedagogical tool. Conclusions. Contextualized, active, and emotionally meaningful methodological strategies are key resources for fostering the practice of values in basic education. Its gradual integration into the curriculum is recommended, accompanied by ongoing teacher training and active family participation to ensure its impact and sustainability.