Effects of health-oriented physical training programs on university and/or polytechnic students: a literature review

Authors

  • Fausto Iván Guapi Guamán Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH), Sede Orellana, Coca 220001, Ecuador
  • Luis Alexander Enríquez Enríquez Universidad Politécnica Estatal del Carchi (UPEC)
  • Anderson Javier Coral Quetamá Universidad Politécnica Estatal del Carchi (UPEC)
  • Manuel Ignacio Calderón Moncayo Universidad Técnica de Babahoyo (UTB)

Keywords:

Training programs, health status, physical condition, physical abilities.

Abstract

Introduction: The health-related physical condition of university and/or polytechnic students has been negatively influenced by academic demands, sedentary habits, and limited physical training planning in the educational context. The objective of the study was to analyze the available scientific evidence on the effects of health-oriented physical training programs on university students. A descriptive review of the literature was conducted by searching specialized databases such as Scielo, Dialnet, Scopus, and Google Scholar, selecting six scientific articles based on criteria of relevance and methodological quality. The results show that structured training programs, lasting between 8 and 12 weeks and with a frequency of 3 to 5 sessions per week, generate significant improvements in body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, and muscle performance. It is concluded that the implementation of planned training programs contributes positively to health-oriented physical condition, with the need for further contextualized research in the Ecuadorian university setting.

References

Badia, X., & Lizán, L. (2004). Estudios de calidad de vida. (A. M. Editor., Ed.) Barcelona, España.

Campillo-Piqueras, M. (2018). EL ENTRENAMIENTO DE LAS CAPACIDADES FÍSICAS BÁSICAS: LA FUERZA. Revista Observatorio del Deporte. Revista de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales., 4(5), 07-15. Obtenido de https://bkp.revistaobservatoriodeldeporte.cl/gallery/1%20oficial%20articulo%20sepoct2018%20rev%20odep.pdf

Carrillo Linares, E., Aguilar Hernández, V., & González Blanco, Y. (2020). El desarrollo de las capacidades físicas del estudiante de Mecánica desde la Educación Física. 18(4), 794-807. Obtenido de http://mendive.upr.edu.cu/index.php/MendiveUPR/article/view/1629

Castillo, M. (2007). La condición física es un componente importante de la salud para los adultos de hoy y del mañana. Selección, 17(1), 2-8. doi:https://www.cafyd.com/selec0701/Selultimo.pdf

Chiu, C. H., Ming Chen , K., Long Shan , W., Ding Peng , Y., Nai Wen , K., Po Fu , L., . . . Chien Chang , H. (2017). Benefits of different intensity of aerobic exercise in modulating body composition among obese young adults: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Health Qual Life Outcomes, 15(1), 1-9. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-017-0743-4

Delgado Floody, P., Caamaño Navarrete, F., Ovalle Elgueta, H., Concha Díaz, M., Jerez Mayorga, D., & Osorio Poblete, A. (2016). Efectos de un programa de ejercicio físico estructurado sobre los niveles de condición física y el estado nutricional de obesos mórbidos y obesos con comorbilidades. Nutrición Hospitalaria, 33(2), 298-302. doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.20960/nh.107.

Downs, F. (1999). Readings in RESEARCH METHODOLOGY. 2ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Willians & Wilkins.

Generelo, E., & Tierz, P. (1991). Cualidades físicas II. Zaragoza: CEPID.

Guapi, F., Morcillo, R., Falcones, E., & Mina, J,. (2022). Prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad. Problema de salud en la comunidad universitaria y politécnica ecuatoriana. Revista Arbitrada Interdisciplinaria de Ciencias de la Salud. Salud y Vida, 58-74. doi: https://doi.org/10.35381/s.v.v6i12.1864

Guío-Gutiérrez, F. (2010). Conceptos y clasificación de las capacidadesfísicas. REVISTA DE INVESTIGACIÓN CUERPO, CULTURA Y MOVIMIENTO, 1(1), 77-86. Obtenido de https://revistas.usantotomas.edu.co/index.php/rccm/article/view/1011/1260

Gundlach, H. (1986). Systembeziehungen körperlicher Fähigkeiten und Fertigkeiten. Theorie und praxis der koerperkultur, 17(2), 198-205.

Jia, J., & Li, B. (2021). Physical health of teenagers and the biological characteristics affecting sports related physical fitness. Network Modeling Analysis in Health Informatics and Bioinformatics , 10(16), 1-12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s13721-021-00291-w

Kamalakkannan, K., & Suresh Kumar , M. (2014). Effect of land and shallow water aerobic exercises on selected physiological and biochemical variables of obese adult. Journal of Physical Education and Sport (JPES), 14(4), 532-536. doi:http://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2014.04082

Kim, J.-W., Ko, Y.-C., Seo, T.-B., & Kim, Y.-P. (2018). Effect of circuit training on body composition, physical fitness, and metabolic syndrome risk factors in obese female college students. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation, 14(3), 460-465. doi:https://doi.org/10.12965/jer.1836194.097

Ministerio de Educación . (2011). Informe de Resultados 8° básico SIMCE. Santiago de Chile: Unidad de Currículum y Evaluación. Obtenido de http://archivos.agenciaeducacion.cl/biblioteca_digital_historica/resultados/2011/result8b_edfisica_2011.pdf

Ramírez, R. (2007). Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud como medida de resultados en salud: revisión sistemática de la literatura. Revista Colombiana de Cardiología, 14(4), 207-222. Obtenido de http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?pid=S0120-56332007000400004&script=sci_arttext

Rebollo, P., Mon, C., Alvaréz, F., Vásquez, A., Fernández, R., & Sánchez, R. (2001). Síntomas físicos y trastornos emocionales en pacientes en programa de hemodiálisis periódicas. nefrología, 21(2), 191-199. Obtenido de https://www.revistanefrologia.com/es-relaccionados-sintomas-fisicos-trastornos-emocionales-pacientes-programa-hemodialisis-periodicas-articulo-X0211699501013224

Ruiz, J. R., Castro-Piñero, J., España-Romero, V., Artero, E. G., Ortega, F. B., Cuenca, ,. M., . . . Castillo, , M. (2011). Field-based fitness assessment in young people: the ALPHA health-related fitness test battery for children and adolescents. British journal of sports medicine, 45(6), 518-524. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2010.075341

Tan, S., Wang, X., & Wang, J. (2012). Effects of supervised exercise training at the intensity of maximal fat xidation in overweight young women. Journal of Exercise Science, 10, 64-69. doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jesf.2012.10.002

Villarroel Ojeda, L., Reyes Rodríguez, A. D., Moraga Muñoz, R., & Hernández Mosqueira, C. (2023). Efectos de programas de ejercicio físico en la calidad de vida y la condición física orientadas a la salud, en estudiantes universitarios con sobrepeso u obesidad: una revisión sistemática. Retos, 50, 332-341. doi:https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.99688

Downloads

Published

2026-01-25

How to Cite

Guapi Guamán, F. I., Enríquez Enríquez, L. A., Coral Quetamá, A. J., & Calderón Moncayo, M. I. (2026). Effects of health-oriented physical training programs on university and/or polytechnic students: a literature review. Maestro Y Sociedad, 23(1), 23–34. Retrieved from https://maestroysociedad.uo.edu.cu/index.php/MyS/article/view/7333

Issue

Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)

Section

Artículos

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Fausto Iván Guapi Guamán, Luis Alexander Enríquez Enríquez, Anderson Javier Coral Quetamá, Manuel Ignacio Calderón Moncayo

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

This journal provides immediate open access to its content, based on the principle that offering the public free access to research helps a greater global exchange of knowledge. Each author is responsible for the content of each of their articles. 

Most read articles by the same author(s)