Characterization of family orientation in Special Education, a look from its history in Cuba

Abstract

The objective of this work was to argue the distinctive characteristics of the stages of the family orientation process for the citizenship education of school children with mental retardation. The concrete historical evolution of family orientation allowed a periodization that accounts for different levels of satisfaction in attending to the needs of parents. Of the importance traditionally granted to the family as a social institution in the integral development of their children, the usefulness of their adequate preparation derives. The methods used were the historical-logical and analytical-synthetic. From the analysis of the orientation process to the family of school children with mental retardation, three stages are described and it is concluded that it moves from a care approach that does not consider family orientation as part of teaching work to a psycho-rehabilitative and finally psychopedagogical approach where it has not yet been systematize this process.