Inteligencia artificial generativa y autorregulación del aprendizaje en la educación superior ecuatoriana: hacia una metacognición aumentada
Palabras clave:
Inteligencia artificial generativa; autorregulación del aprendizaje; educación superior; metacognición aumentada; aprendizaje autónomoResumen
Introducción: La inteligencia artificial generativa se ha incorporado progresivamente en la educación superior, transformando las formas en que los estudiantes buscan información, organizan tareas, resuelven dudas y reflexionan sobre su propio aprendizaje. El presente artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre el uso de inteligencia artificial generativa y la autorregulación del aprendizaje en estudiantes de educación superior ecuatoriana, considerando sus aportes, limitaciones y posibilidades para el desarrollo de una metacognición aumentada. Materiales y métodos: La investigación se desarrolló desde un enfoque cuantitativo, con alcance descriptivo-correlacional y diseño no experimental transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 180 estudiantes universitarios ecuatorianos, a quienes se aplicó un cuestionario tipo Likert organizado en dimensiones de uso académico de IA, planificación, monitoreo, retroalimentación, evaluación metacognitiva y riesgo de dependencia tecnológica. Los resultados evidenciaron una relación positiva entre el uso de IA generativa y las dimensiones de autorregulación, especialmente en la retroalimentación y mejora, el monitoreo de la comprensión y la planificación del aprendizaje. Sin embargo, también se identificó un riesgo medio de dependencia tecnológica, asociado al uso acrítico de respuestas automatizadas. Conclusiones: se concluye que la IA generativa no sustituye la autorregulación del estudiante, pero puede ampliarla cuando se utiliza con orientación docente, pensamiento crítico y criterios éticos, favoreciendo una metacognición aumentada en la educación superior.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Sergio Guzman García Sanclemente, Leslie Verónica Orellana Márquez, Lucía García Chávez, Vania Naneth Orellana Márquez, Efraín Asdrúbal Sánchez Jaramillo
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