Estilos parentais e o desenvolvimento da inteligência prática infantil

Autores

  • Diego Javier Mayorga Ortiz Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes, Ecuador
  • Anderson Patricio Maigua Pinta Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes, Ecuador
  • Mariela Brigitte Guamanquispe Salas Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes, Ecuador
  • Cristian Esteveen Imbago Rosero Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes, Ecuador

Palavras-chave:

estilos parentais; inteligência prática infantil; habilidades adaptativas

Resumo

Introdução: A inteligência prática, entendida como a capacidade de resolver problemas cotidianos utilizando estratégias adaptativas, é uma dimensão fundamental do desenvolvimento infantil, significativamente influenciada pelos estilos parentais e pela dinâmica familiar. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a relação entre estilos parentais e inteligência prática em crianças em idade escolar. Materiais e métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática com abordagem qualitativa e delineamento descritivo-analítico, seguindo as diretrizes PRISMA. A busca foi realizada em seis bases de dados acadêmicas (Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, ERIC, BMC e Google Scholar), identificando 25 estudos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Resultados: Os resultados mostram que o estilo parental democrático está consistentemente associado a maior autonomia, habilidades de resolução de problemas e adaptabilidade funcional. Por outro lado, os estilos parentais autoritário, permissivo e negligente estão ligados a limitações em habilidades práticas, como ansiedade na tomada de decisões, baixa tolerância à frustração, dificuldades comportamentais e deficiências na autorregulação. Discussão: Práticas parentais específicas (comunicação assertiva, disciplina positiva e apoio emocional) foram identificadas como promotoras do pensamento prático infantil, mesmo em contextos que não são totalmente democráticos. A discussão destaca que fatores contextuais, como o nível de escolaridade dos pais, o status socioeconômico, a estrutura familiar e a disponibilidade de recursos educacionais, atuam como variáveis moderadoras nessa relação. Conclusões: Promover estilos parentais democráticos e fortalecer as habilidades parentais por meio de intervenções psicoeducacionais e políticas públicas é fundamental para aprimorar o desenvolvimento adaptativo das crianças e prevenir os efeitos adversos associados a práticas parentais disfuncionais.

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Publicado

2026-03-13

Como Citar

Mayorga Ortiz, D. J., Maigua Pinta, A. P., Guamanquispe Salas, M. B., & Imbago Rosero, C. E. (2026). Estilos parentais e o desenvolvimento da inteligência prática infantil. Mestre E Sociedade, 23(1), 826–833. Recuperado de https://maestroysociedad.uo.edu.cu/index.php/MyS/article/view/7511

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