Comportamentos saudáveis e saúde mental: uma revisão dos fatores de proteção em adolescentes

Autores

  • Diego Javier Mayorga Ortiz Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes, Ecuador
  • Shirley Gabriela Abarca Obregón Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes, Ecuador
  • Mishell Katherine Lata Sánchez Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes, Ecuador
  • Marco Israel Claudio Chacón Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes, Ecuador

Palavras-chave:

saúde mental; adolescência; comportamentos saudáveis; fatores de proteção

Resumo

Introdução: A adolescência é uma fase crítica para o estabelecimento de comportamentos saudáveis que atuam como fatores de proteção para a saúde mental. Esta revisão sistemática teve como objetivo analisar a relação entre hábitos como atividade física, alimentação equilibrada, sono adequado, apoio social e intervenções psicoeducacionais com o bem-estar psicológico em adolescentes. Materiais e métodos: Foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, Redalyc e PsycINFO, seguindo as diretrizes PRISMA, o que permitiu a seleção de 30 estudos publicados entre 2013 e 2023. Resultados: Os resultados mostram que a prática regular de atividade física está associada à redução dos sintomas de ansiedade e depressão e melhora a regulação emocional. A higiene do sono adequada atua como moduladora do estresse e do desempenho cognitivo, enquanto uma alimentação equilibrada promove as funções executivas. O apoio social e familiar percebido apresenta uma forte associação inversa com os sintomas depressivos, além de aumentar a adesão a outros hábitos saudáveis. Discussão: Intervenções psicoeducacionais integradas nas escolas, que combinam a promoção de hábitos saudáveis com a alfabetização emocional, geram efeitos positivos na autoestima e na resiliência, especialmente quando as famílias estão envolvidas. Fatores contextuais, como um clima escolar positivo e a alfabetização em saúde digital, também emergem como moduladores relevantes. Destaca-se a natureza sinérgica e interdependente desses comportamentos, bem como a necessidade de abordagens intersetoriais e culturalmente adaptadas. Conclusões: Promover múltiplos comportamentos saudáveis, coordenados entre os contextos escolar, familiar e comunitário, é uma estratégia eficaz para fortalecer a saúde mental e o bem-estar geral dos adolescentes.

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Publicado

2026-03-09

Como Citar

Mayorga Ortiz, D. J., Abarca Obregón, S. G., Lata Sánchez, M. K., & Claudio Chacón, M. I. (2026). Comportamentos saudáveis e saúde mental: uma revisão dos fatores de proteção em adolescentes. Mestre E Sociedade, 23(1), 724–732. Recuperado de https://maestroysociedad.uo.edu.cu/index.php/MyS/article/view/7489

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