Educational strategies for caregivers of older adults with disabilities in physical and pedagogical rehabilitation

Abstract

Introduction: Aging in Latin America has increased the demand for care for older adults. In Ecuador, this situation falls mainly on informal caregivers with limited resources and little institutional support. This is mainly due to the effects of COVID-19, which left much of Latin America impoverished and with a slow development process. The objective of this research was to analyze the care process in the physical and pedagogical rehabilitation of older adults with disabilities who receive care at the Municipal Medical Center of La Libertad canton through a qualitative, descriptive study. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of ten caregivers selected by criteria, applying semi-structured interviews and non-participant observation. The results revealed certain relevant categories such as: limitations in mobility and in the execution of therapeutic exercises; lack of knowledge of cognitive stimulation strategies and effective communication; and emotional and physical overload of the caregiver. Conclusions: The study concluded that the work performed by caregivers is based on empirical and improvised practices, which affects both their well-being and the rehabilitation process. It highlights the urgent need to implement accessible, practical, and contextualized educational strategies that include simulations, peer learning, and community support, thus promoting safer, more effective, and more humane care.