Impact of Tourism on the Sustainable Economic Development of San Cristobal Island, Galapagos

Abstract

Introduction: Tourism in the Galápagos Islands is a key driver of sustainable economic development, providing significant income and fostering local growth. However, reliance on tourism exposes the island to vulnerabilities, particularly in the face of challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic, social insecurity, and political and economic instability, which impact its stability and sustainability. Objective: To analyze the influence of tourism on the sustainable economic growth of San Cristóbal Island, Galápagos, during 2023, with the aim of understanding the economic dynamics affecting the merchants located on the Malecón Charles Darwin and how fluctuations in tourism are reflected in the local economy. Materials and Methods: A qualitative approach is utilized, combining an analysis of economic data and tourism indicators in a documentary review, as well as a focus group composed of local merchants. Additionally, a descriptive scope has been considered. Results: The findings indicate that tourism generated significant income, reaching $1.997 billion in 2023, representing a 24% growth compared to the previous year. Discussion: Tourism on this island has been key to its sustainable economic development, generating significant income and improving local infrastructure, but it has also exposed the economy to vulnerabilities. Conclusions: The tourism sector is an essential factor for San Cristóbal's economy; therefore, to ensure sustainable development, it is crucial to diversify the economy and adopt policies that balance tourism growth with the preservation of natural resources and the well-being of the local community.