Bi-citizen political and social participation, a study on Mexico-Estados Unidos

Abstract

Introduction: This article presents the progress of a research study aimed at understanding the level of political, social, and civic participation among Zacatecan immigrants residing in the United States. The goal is to visualize the advances, setbacks, and new challenges faced by Mexican nationals in the neighboring country to the north. Objective: The research aims to describe the process of forming binationality among Zacatecan immigrants residing in the United States as a result of the relationship between the level of political, social, and civic participation there and the practices acquired in this sense in the context of their origin. Materials and Methods: A mixed methodology was considered, using quantitative and qualitative methods and techniques with a triangulation of its data with existing information. Discussion and Results: It was assumed that Zacatecans were pioneers in 2007 in recognizing their rights and actively participating in both their current communities of residence and their sending localities. With this, we seek to contribute to the discussion on the multiple citizenships that are being formed through the phenomenon of transnational migration. Conclusions: Zacatecas is the state with the most immigrants in US territory. Binational citizens are understood, according to this research, as those immigrants who have consolidated not only their national recognition and dual membership but also those who exercise full citizenship, with their rights being recognized both in the United States and in Mexico, after a period of binational sub-citizenship of origin and reception, until the consolidation, recognition, and participation in public life in Chicago and Zacatecas.