Temporomandibular disorders produced in musicians

Abstract

Introduction: The study provides a comprehensive view of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in musicians, highlighting its prevalence, risk factors, clinical symptoms, diagnosis, implications for musical performance, and prevention and management strategies. Musical activity, which is characterized by intense facial and jaw muscle activity, carries health risks, especially with regard to TMD. Musicians, due to the specific physical demands of their activity, are particularly exposed to these disorders. Materials and methods: The study was carried out by comparing various bibliographic reviews using a classification of scientific articles, which allowed the development of an analytical method to improve the search for information between the years 2019 and 2023. Results: It is essential to recognize that the burden of musical work and the time dedicated to practice can influence the incidence and severity of TMD in musicians. Therefore, the implementation of training and rest programs is suggested that help adequately manage the physical and emotional load associated with the intensive practice of musical instruments. Discussion: Implementing regular breaks during practice sessions and using specific stretching exercises for the jaw and facial muscles can help relieve muscle tension and prevent the buildup of fatigue. Conclusions: These breaks allow musicians to rest and readjust their posture, which can reduce pressure on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and minimize the risk of injury. Additionally, stretching exercises can improve flexibility and muscle endurance, which can help maintain long-term health and proper function of the jaw.