Inteligencia artificial en la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Química: tendencias, desafíos y oportunidades educativas. Revisión narrativa
Palabras clave:
inteligencia artificial generativa; educación química; laboratorio virtual; simulación educativaResumen
Introducción: Existe una creciente incorporación de herramientas basadas en inteligencia artificial (IA) en el ámbito educativo; sin embargo, en el campo específico de la didáctica de la Química, este continúa siendo un espacio emergente y poco explorado. MAteriales y métodos: Esta revisión narrativa tiene como objetivo identificar las tendencias, desafíos y oportunidades pedagógicas asociadas al uso de IA en la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Química, a partir del análisis crítico de estudios seleccionados entre 2020 y 2025, recopilados desde la base de datos Scopus. La metodología empleada se sustenta en el enfoque QR (Question and Reproducibility), orientado a garantizar rigor y transparencia en las revisiones narrativas. Resultados: Los hallazgos enfatizan en que la enseñanza de la química con IA incorpora plataformas para prácticas remotas, simulaciones y evaluación automatizada, consolidando una simbiosis docente–tecnología. Sin embargo, persisten desafíos en infraestructura, alfabetización digital y precisión de modelos, además de consideraciones éticas en el manejo de datos. Discusión: A pesar de ello, la IA ofrece personalización de contenidos, desarrollo del pensamiento crítico y acceso democratizado a laboratorios virtuales, fomentando la colaboración y la retroalimentación en tiempo real. Estas innovaciones redefinen el rol del docente como mediador y promueven un aprendizaje autónomo, ético y participativo. Conclusiones: Se concluye que la inteligencia artificial representa una oportunidad transformadora para renovar las prácticas de enseñanza-aprendizaje en química. No obstante, su implementación requiere una mirada crítica, ética y contextualizada, que considere tanto los avances tecnológicos como las necesidades y potencialidades formativas de los actores educativos.
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