Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos en el desarrollo de habilidades investigativas en estudiantes. Revisión narrativa

Autores/as

  • Magali Alva-Gomez Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Perú

Palabras clave:

aprendizaje por proyectos, habilidades investigativas, pensamiento crítico, enfoque activo, estrategia didáctica

Resumen

Introducción: Si bien el Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos (ABP) es ampliamente valorado como estrategia pedagógica activa, su vínculo con las competencias investigativas sigue aun parcialmente inexplorado, de ahí que el presente estudio tiene como objetivo explorar el estado del arte y la red conceptual en torno al ABP y su impacto en el desarrollo de habilidades investigativas en estudiantes. Materiales y Métodos: Esta revisión narrativa, basada en el método QR (Question and Reproducibility) analiza 36 estudios provenientes de Scopus y Web of Science. Resultados: Los hallazgos revelan que el ABP se consolida como estrategia que articula teoría y práctica mediante la resolución de problemas reales, promoviendo la autonomía, el pensamiento crítico, la alfabetización informacional y el aprendizaje significativo. Discusión: La construcción de la red semántica identificó siete clústeres temáticos que vinculan el ABP con la planificación curricular, la formación docente, los entornos digitales y la gestión de proyectos, configurando un ecosistema formativo integral. Pese a su efectividad, persisten desafíos como la necesidad de capacitación docente, la inversión institucional y la integración transversal de este enfoque desde la educación básica hasta el nivel superior. Conclusiones: El ABP favorece la formación de investigadores competentes y se perfila como vía para transformar la enseñanza en contextos diversos, siempre que se cuente con condiciones estructurales y pedagógicas adecuadas para su implementación sostenible.

Citas

Alamettälä, T., & Sormunen, E. (2021). Learning online research skills in lower secondary school: Long-term intervention effects, skill profiles and background factors. Information and Learning Sciences, 122(1/2), 68-81. https://doi.org/10.1108/ILS-03-2020-0058

Aldobekhi, S. A., & Abahussain, M. O. (2024). “Enhancing English Language Students Productive Skills through Project-based Learning: A Mixed Method Research”. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 23(1), 300-317. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.23.1.12

Al-Thani, N. J., & Ahmad, Z. (2025). Learning through “Research Cognitive Theory”: A new framework for developing 21st century research skills in secondary school students. Heliyon, 11(2), e41950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e41950

Anguita-González, J. A., & López Soto, P. (2022). Integración pedagógica del conocimiento teórico-práctico de competencias informacionales e investigativas en los estudiantes de Licenciatura en Teología de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Revista Interamericana de Bibliotecología, 45(2). https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.rib.v45n2e340089

Appiah-Kubi, P. (2018). Multivariate Analysis of Students Perception on Teaching with Client Based and Non-Client Based Team Projects. International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy (iJEP), 8(3), 93-103. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijep.v8i3.8498

Arantes Do Amaral, J. A., Lino Dos Santos, R. J. R., & Center of Systems Studies, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Brazil, rebeca_julia@hotmail.com. (2018). Combining Project-Based Learning and Community-Based Research in a Research Methodology Course: The Lessons Learned. International Journal of Instruction, 11(1), 47-60. https://doi.org/10.12973/iji.2018.1114a

Atwa, H. S., Nasr El-Din, W. A., Kumar, A. P., Potu, B. K., Tayem, Y. I., Al-Ansari, A. M., Deifalla, A. S., & Shehata, M. H. (2024). Online or face-to-face problem-based learning tutorials? Comparing perceptions and preferences of students and tutors. Frontiers in Education, 9, 1354494. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1354494

Aznar-Díaz, I., Hinojo-Lucena, F.-J., Cáceres-Reche, M.-P., Trujillo-Torres, J.-M., & Romero-Rodríguez, J.-M. (2019). Environmental Attitudes in Trainee Teachers in Primary Education. The Future of Biodiversity Preservation and Environmental Pollution. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(3), 362. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16030362

Behnamnia, N., Hayati, S., Kamsin, A., Ahmadi, A., & Alizadeh, Z. (2024). Enhancing Students’ Research Skills Through AI Tools and Teacher Competencies: A Mixed-Methods Study. Journal of E-Learning and Knowledge Society, Vol 20 No 3, 39-55 Pages. https://doi.org/10.20368/1971-8829/1135960

Beringer, J. (2007). Application of Problem Based Learning through Research Investigation. Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 31(3), 445-457. https://doi.org/10.1080/03098260701514033

Boon, M., Orozco, M., & Sivakumar, K. (2022). Epistemological and educational issues in teaching practice-oriented scientific research: Roles for philosophers of science. European Journal for Philosophy of Science, 12(1), 16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13194-022-00447-z

Buelvas-Gutiérrez, L., Acosta-Oñate, L., Boom-Cárcamo, E., & Alfaro-Bernales, E. (2024a). Aplicación de V de Gowin y metodologías activas, para el aprendizaje significativo de las ciencias básicas en estudiantes de ingeniería. Formación universitaria, 17(6), 145-154. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50062024000600145

Buelvas-Gutiérrez, L., Acosta-Oñate, L., Boom-Cárcamo, E., & Alfaro-Bernales, E. (2024b). Aplicación de V de Gowin y metodologías activas, para el aprendizaje significativo de las ciencias básicas en estudiantes de ingeniería. Formación universitaria, 17(6), 145-154. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50062024000600145

Carrió, M., Baños, J.-E., & Rodríguez, G. (2022). Comparison of the Effect of Two Hybrid Models of Problem-Based Learning Implementation on the Development of Transversal and Research Skills and the Learning Experience. Frontiers in Education, 7, 875860. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.875860

Casanova Zamora, T. A., Vásquez Casanova, A. G., Calderón Zamora, M. J., & Nuñez Zavala, C. X. (2025). A System of Tasks to Train Research Skills and Information Management in University Students. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 15(1), 352. https://doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2025-0027

Casimiro, W., Casimiro, C., & Casimiro, J. (2020). Los posgrados y la investigación científica en las universidades peruanas. 18(1). https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Los-posgrados-y-la-investigaci%C3%B3n-cient%C3%ADfica-en-las-Urcos-Urcos/2388903bea0f7b7ddec0ddd64becb7bbef27e38a

Cervantes, L. C., Bermúdez, L., & Pulido, V. (2024). pensamiento y gestión, N.° 46ISSN 1657-6276http://dx.doi.org/10.14482/pege.46.7615Situación de la investigación y su desarrollo en el Perú: Reflejo del estado actual de la universidad peruana. Revista científica Pensamiento y Gestión, 46, 311-322. https://doi.org/10.14482/pege.46.7615

Chu, C., Dewey, J. L., & Zheng, W. (2023). An Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Technique Course using Scaffolded, Inquiry-Based Laboratories and Project-Based Learning. Journal of Chemical Education, 100(9), 3500-3508. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.3c00547

Chura-Quispe, G., Laura-De-La-Cruz, B. D., Nué Caballero, P. R. M., Cristina Salamanca Chura, E., & Octavio Guido Torres Orihuela, H. (2024). Design and Validation of the Scientific-Research Skills Questionnaire for Basic Education Teachers. Qubahan Academic Journal, 4(3), 347-363. https://doi.org/10.48161/qaj.v4n3a909

Connolly, C., Logue, P. A., & Calderon, A. (2023). Teaching about curriculum and assessment through inquiry and problem-based learning methodologies: An initial teacher education cross-institutional study. Irish Educational Studies, 42(3), 443-460. https://doi.org/10.1080/03323315.2021.2019083

Contreras Zapata, D. I., González Zambrano, R. V., & Roca Piloso, P. M. (2024). Pedagogical strategies for the development of research skills in higher education. Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias, 3, 1003. https://doi.org/10.56294/sctconf20241003

Davis, T. H., Wagner, G. S., Gleim, G., Andolsek, K. M., Arheden, H., Austin, R., Courtney-Eighmy, A., Gradison, M., Leist, J. C., Maynard, C., Noga, E. M., Ostbye, T., & Eisenstein, E. L. (2006a). Problem-based learning of research skills. Journal of Electrocardiology, 39(1), 120-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2005.06.107

Davis, T. H., Wagner, G. S., Gleim, G., Andolsek, K. M., Arheden, H., Austin, R., Courtney-Eighmy, A., Gradison, M., Leist, J. C., Maynard, C., Noga, E. M., Ostbye, T., & Eisenstein, E. L. (2006b). Problem-based learning of research skills. Journal of Electrocardiology, 39(1), 120-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2005.06.107

Dyrhauge, H. (2014). Teaching Qualitative Methods in Social Science: A Problem-based Learning Approach. Journal of Contemporary European Research, 10(4). https://doi.org/10.30950/jcer.v10i4.649

Eglitis, D. S., Buntman, F. L., & Alexander, D. V. (2016). Social Issues and Problem-based Learning in Sociology: Opportunities and Challenges in the Undergraduate Classroom. Teaching Sociology, 44(3), 212-220. https://doi.org/10.1177/0092055X16643572

Estrada, O., Fuentes, D. R., & Simón, W. (2022). La formación de habilidades investigativas en estudiantes de ingeniería en ciencias informáticas desde la asignatura de gestión de software: Un estudio de caso en la universidad de las ciencias informáticas, Cuba. Ingeniare. Revista chilena de ingeniería, 30(1), 109-123. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-33052022000100109

Ferrans, M., & Woolley, P. (2024). Investigating Residential Segregation Through Project-Based Teaching and Learning. College Teaching, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1080/87567555.2024.2352764

Fitri, Y., Kuswanto, H., Mundilarto, & Habibi. (2019). Development of Cooperative Research Project Based Learning Models to Improve Research and Communication Skills for Prospective Physics Teachers in Indonesia. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 8(5C), 740-746. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.E1105.0585C19

Gasco-Txabarri, J., & Zuazagoitia, D. (2023). Introduction to Research-Based Practice: A Study of Students in the Early Childhood Education Teaching Degree Programme. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 13(2), 26. https://doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2023-0029

Gordillo Martorell, J. A., Martin-Torres, J., Zorzano Mier, M.-P., Mathanlal, T., Cuartielles, D., & Johansson, M. (2019). The Infinite Learning Chain. Flipped Professional Labs for Learning and Knowledge Co-Creation. Open Education Studies, 1(1), 151-176. https://doi.org/10.1515/edu-2019-0011

Gutman, M., & Genser, L. (2017). How pre-service teachers internalize the link between research literacy and pedagogy. Educational Media International, 54(1), 63-76. https://doi.org/10.1080/09523987.2017.1324353

Jiménez Rodríguez, J. M. (2025). El aprendizaje por proyectos y su combinación con el kahoot como estrategia gamificada en el ámbito universitario. European Public & Social Innovation Review, 10, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.31637/epsir-2025-1116

Johnson, H. A., & Barrett, L. C. (2017). Your teaching strategy matters: How engagement impacts application in health information literacy instruction. Journal of the Medical Library Association, 105(1). https://doi.org/10.5195/jmla.2017.8

Katayev, Y. S., & Burdina, E. I. (2023). Developing research competencies in secondary school teachers within the context of contemporary educational content. Educação e Pesquisa, 49. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-4634202349257253en

Khalaf, M. A., & Alshammari, A. (2023). Effects of Project-Based Learning on Postgraduate Students’ Research Proposal Writing Skills. European Journal of Educational Research, volume-12-2023(volume-12-issue-1-january-2023), 189-200. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.12.1.189

Kldiashvili, E., Abiatari, I., & Zarnadze, M. (2025). Project‐Based Approach as Methodology to Improve Academic Performance of Medical School Students Within the Research Line Teaching Course: A Quasi‐Experimental Study. Health Science Reports, 8(3), e70562. https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.70562

Laclote-Gutierrez, G., Azócar-Gallardo, J., Lara-Subiabre, B., Pereira-Berrios, M., Avila-Saldaña, C., & Vera-Assaoka, T. (2024a). Percepciones de los estudiantes de educación física sobre el aprendizaje basado en problemas (ABP) (Physical education students’ perceptions of problem-based learning (ABP)). Retos, 56, 759-769. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.102877

Laclote-Gutierrez, G., Azócar-Gallardo, J., Lara-Subiabre, B., Pereira-Berrios, M., Avila-Saldaña, C., & Vera-Assaoka, T. (2024b). Percepciones de los estudiantes de educación física sobre el aprendizaje basado en problemas (ABP) (Physical education students’ perceptions of problem-based learning (ABP)). Retos, 56, 759-769. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.102877

Leston-Bandeira, C. (2013). Methods Teaching through a Discipline Research-Oriented Approach. Politics, 33(3), 207-219. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9256.12013

Mármol, M. C., Conde, E., Cueva, J. M., & Sumba, N. A. (2022). Desarrollo de habilidades investigativas en estudiantes de Educación Superior a través de neuroeducación. Praxis Pedagógica, 22(32), 141-174. https://doi.org/10.26620/uniminuto.praxis.22.32.2022.141-174

Martí, N., Fonseca, D., Peña, E., Adroer, M., & Simón, D. (2017). Design of interactive and collaborative learning units using TICs in architectural construction education. Revista de La Construcción, 16(1), 34-42. https://doi.org/10.7764/RDLC.16.1.33

Mora-Menjura, W. A., & Olaya-Mesa, M. L. (2023). Promotion of a university research culture through Project-Based Learning (PBL) methodology in ELT(English Language Teaching). Educación y Humanismo, 25(45). https://doi.org/10.17081/eduhum.25.45.6064

Oke, M., Agbalajobi, R., Osifeso, M., Muhammad, B., Lawal, H., Mai, M., & Adegunle, Q. (2018). Design and implementation of structural bioinformatics projects for biological sciences undergraduate students. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, 46(5), 547-554. https://doi.org/10.1002/bmb.21169

Pantoya, M., Hughes, P. C., & Hughes, J. S. (2013). A Case Study in Active Learning: Teaching Undergraduate Research in an Engineering Classroom Setting. Engineering Education, 8(2), 54-64. https://doi.org/10.11120/ened.2013.00014

Pawar, R., Patil, S., Department of Automobile Engineering, Rajarambapu Institute of Technology, Rajaramnagar, Islampur, Maharashtra 415414, India, Kulkarni, S., & Department of Civil Engineering, Rajarambapu Institute of Technology, Rajaramnagar, Islampur, Maharashtra 415414, India. (2023). Enhancing Product Development Skills of Engineering Students through Diversified Group Activities. Journal of Engineering Education Transformations, 37(1), 20-30. https://doi.org/10.16920/jeet/2023/v37i1/23128

Qin, R., Salter, S. M., Clifford, R., Skull, S., & Lee, K. (2022). Can Research Training be Improved in Health Professional Student Curricula? A Qualitative Descriptive Study of Health Students’ Experiences with an Integrated Research Training Platform. Medical Science Educator, 33(1), 49-62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-022-01690-y

Reddy, P. (2018). Research methods for undergraduate delivery: Evaluation of problem-based learning. Perspectives in Education, 36(1). https://doi.org/10.18820/2519593X/pie.v36i1.4

Rodríguez, G., Pérez, N., Núñez, G., Baños, J.-E., & Carrió, M. (2019). Developing creative and research skills through an open and interprofessional inquiry-based learning course. BMC Medical Education, 19(1), 134. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-019-1563-5

Rodríguez-Martín, M., Vergara, D., & Rodríguez-Gonzálvez, P. (2020). Simulation of a Real Call for Research Projects as Activity to Acquire Research Skills: Perception Analysis of Teacher Candidates. Sustainability, 12(18), 7431. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187431

Ryskul, M., Dina, B., Aksoy, B., Yerlan, I., Duman, A., & Ussenov, N. (2025). Developing Students’ Research Skills Through Field Work. Qubahan Academic Journal, 5(1), 611-627. https://doi.org/10.48161/qaj.v5n1a1531

Salybekova, N., Issayev, G., Abdrassulova, Z., Bostanova, A., Dairabaev, R., & Erdenov, M. (2021). Pupils’ research skills development through project-based learning in biology. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 16(3), 1106-1121. https://doi.org/10.18844/cjes.v16i3.5829

Schlett, C. L., Doll, H., Dahmen, J., Polacsek, O., Federkeil, G., Fischer, M. R., Bamberg, F., & Butzlaff, M. (2010). Job requirements compared to medical school education: Differences between graduates from problem-based learning and conventional curricula. BMC Medical Education, 10(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6920-10-1

Si, J. (2020). Course-based research experience of undergraduate medical students through project-based learning. Korean Journal of Medical Education, 32(1), 47-57. https://doi.org/10.3946/kjme.2020.152

Smith, A. C., Stewart, R., Shields, P., Hayes-Klosteridis, J., Robinson, P., & Yuan, R. (2005). Introductory Biology Courses: A Framework To Support Active Learning in Large Enrollment Introductory Science Courses. Cell Biology Education, 4(2), 143-156. https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.04-08-0048

Stevahn, L., B Anderson, J., & L Hasart, T. (2016). Community-Based Research (CBR) in the Education Doctorate: Lessons Learned and Promising Practices. International Journal of Doctoral Studies, 11, 441-465. https://doi.org/10.28945/3620

Torres Gomez, J., Jerez Naranjo, Y., Dressler, F., & Fernandez-Getino Garcia, M. J. (2021). Undergraduate Curriculum to Teach and Provide Research Skills on Hardware Design for SDR Applications in FPGA Technology. IEEE Access, 9, 93967-93975. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3093072

Tuktamyshov, N., & Gorskaya, T. (2021). The strategy of forming the research competence of students – architects by means of mathematics. E3S Web of Conferences, 274, 09006. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127409006

Vargas-Cuentas, N. I., Martinez, E., Gonzalez, M., Leon, I., Mamani, R., Guzmán, A., Condori, R. P., Lopez, K., Santos, J., Panca, M., Mora, L., Zubiate, M., Ariñez, A., & Roman-Gonzalez, A. (2023). Evaluating the outcomes of a scientific seedbed program for enhancing research capacities in young students. International Journal of ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES, 10(5), 211-220. https://doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2023.05.025

Watmough, S., O’Sullivan, H., & Taylor, D. (2009). Graduates from a traditional medical curriculum evaluate the effectiveness of their medical curriculum through interviews. BMC Medical Education, 9(1), 64. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6920-9-64

Xu, W. (2024). Enhancing Educators’ Research Skills in Secondary Education in Huaihua, China. Journal of Education and Educational Research, 8(2), 337-341. https://doi.org/10.54097/e5aves77

Zahro’, A., Muzazzinah, M., & Ramli, M. (2025). Research skills training implementation and challenges in undergraduate students. Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn), 19(2), 880-889. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v19i2.21326

Publicado

2025-06-09

Cómo citar

Alva-Gomez, M. (2025). Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos en el desarrollo de habilidades investigativas en estudiantes. Revisión narrativa. Maestro Y Sociedad, 22(2), 993–1009. Recuperado a partir de https://maestroysociedad.uo.edu.cu/index.php/MyS/article/view/6889

Número

Sección

Artículos