Competency-based training for managers in the Cuban agro-industrial sector

Abstract

Introduction: Management training in the Cuban sugar agro-industrial sector (Azcuba Group) faces the challenge of updating to a competency-based model, moving beyond the traditional, objective-based, in-person approach without defined profiles, in accordance with the requirements of the Science and Innovation-Based Governance Management System and the 2021-2026 Guidelines. Materials and methods: Theoretical methods (analysis-synthesis, historical-logical) and empirical methods (document analysis of 25 programs, survey of 142 managers, observation of 25 classes, and interview with the assistant director of training at the National Sugar Training Center) were used. Results: The study revealed that 88% of managers indicated that the training does not address individual needs; 95% considered the levels of technological updating insufficient; and 97% presented deficiencies in their competency profile for the position. A lack of competency profiles and a predominance of a homogeneous training model were identified. An integrated definition of competency-based training is proposed, with six distinctive elements: identified and verified competencies, integrated instruction with assessment, multidimensional assessment, individualized instruction with collaborative learning, managerial participation in their learning strategy, and ongoing feedback. Discussion: The findings align with previous studies that highlight the gap between the advanced regulatory framework (Decree 208/2021) and actual practice in the agro-industrial sector, requiring job profiles, individual assessments, and performance-based evaluation. Conclusions: Competency-based training is an urgent necessity for the sector, requiring the development of job profiles for key positions, individual assessments, the design of blended learning programs, and performance-based evaluation.