La enseñanza del comercio internacional en las universidades de México: retos, prácticas y perspectivas para una formación global

Authors

Maximiliano Martínez Ortiz

Abstract

Introduction: International trade is a structural component of the Mexican economy and a strategic professional field for organizations participating in global markets. Mexico's increasing productive integration with North America, market diversification, the digital transformation of business operations, and the reorganization of global value chains have increased the need for professionals capable of understanding and managing import, export, logistics, international negotiation, customs regulations, and business strategy processes. In this context, universities play a significant role in developing human capital with technical, analytical, digital, and intercultural skills. Objective: To critically analyze how international trade is currently taught in Mexican universities, identifying strengths, limitations, and opportunities for innovation. Materials and Methods: A qualitative and analytical documentary research study was conducted by reviewing curricula from public and private institutions, documents from the Ministry of Public Education (SEP), information from the National Association of Universities and Institutions of Higher Education (ANUIES), and national and international academic literature. Results: Mexico has programs that incorporate foreign trade, international business, customs law, logistics, economics, negotiation, languages, and information technologies; however, significant differences persist among institutions regarding curriculum internationalization, business partnerships, academic mobility, and the use of experiential learning methodologies. Conclusions: It is concluded that the teaching of international trade needs to shift from a predominantly disciplinary model to one that is integrated, practical, digital, intercultural, and oriented toward real-world problems.

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